Pennsylvania is a state in the northeastern United States. Its area is 117.4 thousand square meters. km, here live 12, 6 million people (this is the 6th place in the US in terms of population). Pennsylvania shares borders with six states and is the only one of the mid-Atlantic states that does not have direct access to the sea.

The state name comes from the Latin Penn Sylvania, which means "Penn Land and Forests" . The name of the staff was not accidental : in 1681 g . King of England Charles II gave the lands that are now part of modern Pennsylvania, the young quaker William Penne . This gift was a gratitude to William's father - Admiral Penn (and repayment of the King's debt to him), in honor of which and was called a colony . At first it was a refuge for Quakers and other persecuted for the faith . The name of Philadelphia is also associated with the name of William Penn - in ancient Greek it means "City of Brotherly Love" - ​​it was built specifically for Protestants .

The capital of Pennsylvania is the city of Harrisburg, located in the southeast of the state . 170 km west of it is the largest city in the state and the fifth largest in the US - Philadelphia . The second large city of Pennsylvania is located in the east of the state - this is Pittsburgh . Maybe Pittsburgh and would not become such a large city, but its fate was predetermined when deposits of minerals were found in the vicinity of the city . Today it is not only a large mining center, but also a developing industrial city . Thanks to coal deposits, Pennsylvania is also called coal staff .

Pennsylvania - in many ways the first state in the US. Although historically he was the second in the US, being educated on December 12, 1787, it was here that the first newspaper was published, the first sugar plant was built, the first bank, the first university, the first social hospital was opened, the first steamer was launched. And even in 1790 Pennsylvania was the first among the North American states to pass a law on the liberation of slaves. Since then, the motto of the state is Virtue, Liberty and Independence, and its unofficial name is "Independence State."
Harrisburg - the capital of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
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Nature and climate of the state

The climate of Pennsylvania is so diverse that during Travel across the state gives the impression that huge distances are being overcome. This is due to the peculiarities of the relief: the difference in altitude in Pennsylvania is about a kilometer - from the southwest to the northeast through the territory of the state are the Appalachian mountains, and in the northwest is the Allegheny plateau. In the valleys, the Delaware, Suskeganna and Allegany rivers flow, and the state also owns part of the Erie Lake coast.

The state corresponds more to the temperate continental climate with hot, humid summers and a rather cool winter. In the southeast, the ocean is subtropical, while in the mountainous regions the climate is harsher, and snowfalls are common in winter.

The average annual air temperature in Pennsylvania is at +10 ° C, which is not bad for a territory close to The Atlantic Ocean. A special feature of the climate is also tornadoes, which most often occur in the spring-summer period. In a year there can be about a dozen tornadoes.

In Philadelphia it is forbidden to build skyscrapers. They prefer to live in mansions - hence the saying "As in the best houses of Philadelphia."
Like most of the US states, Pennsylvania has its own symbols: a Pennsylvanian firefly, a white-tailed virgin deer, a hazel-grouse, a paly fish or an American char, a German dog, as well as an evergreen coniferous tree, Canadian anthracite and a flower of a mountain laurel or broad-leaved calmia. The colors of the staff are blue and gold, the dance is polka, the products are milk and sugar cookies. However, the most famous symbol of Pennsylvania is the famous marmot Phil from the town of Panssatoni, which annually predicts the weather on February 2.

Pennsylvania's entertainment, excursions and attractions

Also called the "Pivoting State" of Pennsylvania is considered a kind of cultural Mecca of the eastern coast of the United States. There are many world-class museums here, and its citizens represent a rich mix of cultures, ethnicities, religions and customs.

Most of the cultural values ​​and attractions of the state are located in the major cities of Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. For example, in Pittsburgh is the famous Carnegie Institution, in whose territory the Museum of Natural Science, the Art Museum and the library are located. Also in the city there are two universities, which is an indicator of a high cultural level of residents.

One can not forget about one of the oldest cities in the USA - Philadelphia . This city is directly connected with the most important events of the country's history at the time of its formation: it was in Philadelphia adopted Declaration of Independence and the first US Constitution . Double Philadelphia was the capital of the USA . Here you can visit the Independence Hall, remembering the adoption of the US Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, Congress Hall, where the famous Bill of Rights (the house and office of Benjamin Franklin), the building of the municipality at the end of the 19th century at ., as well as the Museum of Fine Arts, the Academy of Music, in which the world stars - Shalyapin, Caruso, Edgar Allan Poe's houses Betsy Ross and the famous Fairmont Park (37 km . km) - one of the largest parks in the world, in the territory of which besides green spaces there is a large number of cultural and public buildings .

The most famous symbol of the whole world Pennsylvania - the famous marmot Phil from the city of Panxaton Annually predicting the weather on February 2.
Philadelphia forbidden to build skyscrapers. They prefer to live in mansions - hence the saying "As in the best houses of Philadelphia". And the reason for this was the old rule: no building can officially be higher than William Penn's tower, more precisely, a hat on his statue.

In the vicinity of Philadelphia you can visit the historic village of Old Bedford Village, which has preserved 40 buildings from the era of development of the region Europeans . Nearby are the city of Interkurs with an equally picturesque entourage of the past centuries, turned into a museum the old Lankavanna coal mine (depth 76 m) and the National Historical Park Velly Forge - one of the shrines of the American Revolution . Lovers of American history can also visit the Gettysburg National Military Park as the site of the most important battles of the independence struggle of 1863 and the Eisenhower National Historical Park - the house and farm of President Dwight D. . Eysenhauer near the Gettysburg Field .

Among the natural attractions of the state it is worth noting the picturesque waterfalls of Fallingwater, the 80-kilometer Grand Canyon of Pennsylvania, up to 300 m deep, formed by the stream of Pine Creek, Point State Park Fontaine Park, where the confluence of the Monongahil and Allegheny Rivers One of the largest mainland rivers - Ohio, as well as the mountains of Pocono and Endless Mountain - 6200 sq. km is born. km of beautiful landscapes, where only trees grows about a hundred species. Photos of Pennsylvania (166)