Glade - a very tiny settlement in the Crimean mountains, whose history, however, lasts for centuries.
It is located in the southern part of the peninsula, in the Bakhchsarai region and has less than a quarter of a thousand inhabitants, and at the same time is perhaps the most interesting place of the entire Crimea .And it's not just that it is located among the majestic mountains, in the picturesque always green valley, along which runs a small mountain river Marcour .This village is located on the territory that once was the mighty principality of Theodoro, with its capital in Mangup-Kala - a very ancient cave city, the remains of which can still be seen in the vicinity of Polyana .Although people chose this impregnable and rich in fresh water place in the 8th century, they mastered the local lands and practiced pottery .
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How to get here
To get to the Sadyk-Kaya mountain, on which Mangup is located most conveniently from Bakhchisarai. If you go by taxi or private car, the road will take you no more than half an hour - or a little longer on a public bus that runs to nearby villages. Also from any resort town you can get to this place along the route Yalta - Simferopol, turning in the direction of the village Khmelnitskoe and further - already following the signs. But in any travel agency, you will certainly be offered a guided tour.
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History and sights Polyany
The Principality of Theodoro, and originally it was called Doro, was founded in the 13th century by the Greeks who settled in the Crimea, who popularized here Orthodoxy and the developed culture of Byzantium .Gradually, it expanded its borders, the population increased, and for its protection, fortifications were erected .But even this could not save the principality from plunder, in time it was no longer able to repulse numerous enemy invasions and began to decline .But by the 15th century Theodoro entered a new stage of his development, thanks to the fact that a group of Mangup princes (the descendants of an ancient and very noble Armenian family) were able to consolidate local knowledge, and to renew the former power of their small state .
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At that time, the population of this territory was more than two hundred thousand inhabitants (which is far from the Middle Ages, and especially for the Crimea), Orthodoxy was actively advocated on its territory, and numerous churches were built. It was then that the principality was named Theodoro. But his story was still short-lived, at the end of the 15th century, the rule of the Ottoman Empire was established here, and the Christian population was gradually eradicated.
Today, once the majestic principality is witnessed by the ruins of the ancestral castle of one of the nobles and the remains of an ancient Orthodox church with a small churchyard.
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Mangup-Kale
In general, it can be argued that the former capital of Theodoro - Mangup-Kale still saved quite well, so in its ruins you can even judge its former power .On three sides it is protected by a high steep, and from that absolutely inaccessible mountain Sadyk-Kaya, also the city is surrounded by a powerful fortress wall, which it is simply impossible to overcome .Here the grottoes and deep caves created by nature itself were skillfully perfected by people and arranged in such a way that in case of prolonged deposition, neither need nor inconvenience .Especially it concerned drinking water supplies - in addition to two sufficiently deep-water mountain streams to quench the thirst of city residents, a deep well with spring water was also dug .
When the Turks conquered the Crimea, they turned the cave city into a real prison for captives, as evidenced by the sealed windows of buildings. But Mangup was not a strictly defensive structure, judging by the remains of round castle walls, intricate details of decor, local princes built their palaces here with a special scale and chic.
Today Mangup-Kale is invariably included in the list of the most popular and frequently visited places on tourist and excursion routes in the mountainous Crimea and is a cultural heritage of the Crimean Autonomous Republic.
Photo Glade (Crimea) (6)