The ancient Roman city of Pompeii, buried under the ashes of the eruption of Vesuvius in the year 79 of Christ, is now a popular Italian landmark and is an open-air museum that UNESCO contributed to the World Heritage List. The archaeological complex of Pompeii is located not far from Naples and is part of the Campania region
The background to the eruption of Vesuvius was the strong earthquake of 62 years, which caused great damage to the city, as a result of which almost all the buildings were destroyed to a greater or lesser degree.
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A bit of history
The first excavations on the site of the Roman buried ashes the cities of Pompeii began in 1748 under the direction of RJ Alcubierre, who believed that the city of Stabia he had found. In the years 1760-1804. under the guidance of F. le Vega, the second stage of excavations took place, as a result of which an inscription was found that says that the buried city is not Stabia, namely Pompeii. In 1808-1814 years. The excavations were conducted by Murat, and an important role was played by Carolina Bonaparte.
During the excavations of 1863-1870. archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli discovered that in place of the bodies buried beneath the ashes of people and animals emptiness formed. Thus, he managed to reconstruct the victims' death postures, filling these voids with gypsum. And since 1961, the archaeological complex is mainly restoration work
How to get to Pompeii
By train from Naples (cost 2.3 EUR, travel time 40 min) and Sorrento (1.8 EUR, 30 min) to the station Pompeii-Scavi-Villa dei Misteri
SITA organizes a bus service from Naples (2.3 EUR, 40 min) and CSTP from Salerno (1.8 EUR, 60 min)
Marozzi buses arrive in Pompeii twice in day from Rome (169 EUR, 3 hours). The stop (in Rome) is located on Piazza Esedra Square
Traveling by car, take the A3 motorway from Naples. Parking, located near the archaeological complex of Pompeii, will cost 4 EUR per hour. Prices are as of June 2011
Search for tickets to the city of Naples (nearest airport to Pompeii)
Entrance ticket
The entrance ticket to the territory of the archaeological complex will cost 11 EUR per adult. Audio guide is available for 6.5 EUR. The complex is open to visitors daily from 8:30 to 19:30 (from November to March from 8:30 to 17:30). The prices are indicated in June 2011
Climate
In summer, the temperature ranges from +32 to +35 ° C, and walks in the archaeological complex in this heat seem very tiring. You should always have sunscreen and drinking water.
The territory of the archaeological complex is allowed to move on foot or by bicycle, which can be rented immediately, but it should be borne in mind that such a trip may not be the most pleasant, as the territory of the complex is covered with cobblestones.
Restaurants nearby
The Italian restaurant Ristorante Lucullus is located on Via Plinio 129 near the archaeological site on the side of the main road. The restaurant prepares delicious pizzas, and the local specialty is the dish penne Lucullus (penne with pumpkin and shrimp). The restaurant is open to visitors from 10:30 to 22:00 from June to September and from 10:30 to 16:00 (Tues.-Sat) from October to May.
Trattoria Al Gamberone offers good food without excess, for example, pasta with tomato sauce and grilled meat. Trattoria is located on Via Piave 36 near the main square of the archaeological complex.
A gourmet will enjoy the restaurant President with exquisite Italian cuisine. The restaurant is located on Piazza Schettini 12.
Entertainment, excursions and attractions Pompei
The amphitheater and the large palaestra, the forum, the temple of Apollo, the houses (the house of the Faun, the house of the tragic poet, the house of the surgeon, the house Vettiev), the thermae, the lupanarium and other buildings for various purposes are of interest on the territory of the complex.
Amphitheater, built in the 80's. BC. E., measured 135 meters by 104 meters and could simultaneously accommodate up to 20 thousand people. The Pompeian Amphitheater is considered to be the oldest known amphitheater. The large palestra was an area measuring 130 meters by 140 meters and was intended for gymnastic exercises and sporting events.
The Pompeian Forum was the center of Pompei's public life and occupied a huge area that could accommodate the entire population of the city. The Temple of Apollo is supposedly the most ancient temple of Pompeii and dates from 575-550 BC. e. The temple was surrounded by 28 Corinthian columns, 2 of which have been completely preserved to the present day.
Well-preserved and residential buildings Pompey .So, the house of the tragic poet, representing a typical Roman house of the 2nd century before n .e ., is famous for its mosaic floors and frescoes with scenes from Greek mythology .The Faun's house, the most luxurious house in Pompeii, was supposedly built for Publius Sulla, the nephew of the conqueror of the city, appointed by him at the head of Pompey .House Vettiev is a small structure, richly decorated with frescoes, the most famous of which is the Greek god of fertility Priap .The surgeon's house built in the 4th-3rd cc .up to n .e ., is considered one of the oldest Pompeian dwelling houses, and its name comes from the numerous surgical tools found during excavations .
Numerous thermal baths have been discovered on the territory of the complex: Stabiev's baths, the largest baths of Pompeii, built in the 3rd century BC. e., and the terms of the Forum, the smallest, usually intended for guests of the city.
In Pompeii, there was a lupanarii, or a brothel, which was a two-story building with five bedrooms on each floor. A feature of lupanaria are murals with pornographic scenes.
During the excavations, a number of bakeries were also discovered, in one of which, in a bakery in Stabi Street, there were 5 hand-held mills. Also, several wool processing workshops, spinning and weaving workshops, dyeing were found. Photos of Pompeii (20)